Laryngectomy

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What is Laryngectomy?

A laryngectomy is a surgical procedure in which all or part of the larynx (voice box) is removed. The larynx is responsible for producing sound, protecting the airway during swallowing, and facilitating breathing. After a laryngectomy, the ability to speak naturally and breathe through the nose and mouth is often altered, and patients may need to breathe through a permanent opening (stoma) in the neck.

How to diagnose Laryngectomy? When to consult a doctor?

Diagnosis of conditions that may lead to a laryngectomy typically involves the following steps:

  • Physical Examination: A doctor will perform an examination of the throat, neck, and mouth to check for visible abnormalities or swelling.
  • Laryngoscopy: A procedure in which a thin, flexible scope with a camera (laryngoscope) is inserted through the nose or mouth to examine the larynx directly.
  • Biopsy: If a tumor is suspected, a biopsy may be performed to take a tissue sample from the larynx for analysis. This is essential to confirm cancer and determine the stage.

You should consult a doctor if:

  • Persistent Hoarseness: Hoarseness lasting more than 2 weeks, especially if you are a smoker or have a history of heavy alcohol use.
  • Difficulty Swallowing or Breathing: If you experience problems with swallowing or breathing, it may indicate a more serious condition.
  • Lump in the Neck: Any swelling or lump in the neck should be evaluated as it could indicate an abnormal growth.
  • Throat Pain: Persistent or worsening throat pain, particularly if it radiates to the ear, should be checked by a healthcare provider.
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Causes
  • Laryngeal Cancer
  • Severe Trauma
  • Chronic Laryngeal Damage
  • Severe Laryngeal Dysfunction
Symptoms
  • Hoarseness
  • Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)
  • Chronic Cough
  • Throat Pain
  • Lump in the Neck
Frequently Asked Questions

Recovery time can vary, but it usually takes several weeks for the initial healing. Speech therapy and rehabilitation may take longer to adapt to new communication methods.

After a laryngectomy, the person breathes through a permanent opening in the neck called a stoma. This stoma connects directly to the trachea (windpipe), bypassing the mouth and nose.

In most cases, patients can eat and drink normally after recovery. There may be some dietary restrictions immediately after surgery, but they typically resolve as healing progresses.